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When it comes to shipping goods internationally, understanding the various types of containers available is crucial for ensuring that your cargo arrives safely and efficiently. Each container type is designed for specific needs, accommodating different kinds of cargo, sizes, and handling requirements. In this guide, we will explore the various types of containers, their features, specific uses, and dimensions, helping you make informed decisions for your shipping needs.
You can also check out our other guides on Container Shipping:
The Importance of Choosing the Right Container
Selecting the appropriate container is vital for safeguarding your cargo during transit. The right choice can prevent damage, reduce costs, and ensure compliance with regulations. With a vast array of options available, understanding the distinctions between container types can streamline your logistics process.
Classification and Overview of Container Types
Containers can be classified based on their design and intended use. Here are some of the most common types:
- Standard Dry Containers
- High Cube Containers
- Refrigerated Containers (Reefers)
- Open Top Containers
- Flat Rack Containers
- Tank Containers
- Half Height Containers
- Double Door Containers
- Insulated Containers
- Ventilated Containers
- Special Purpose Containers (GOH, Platform, etc)
Standard (Dry) Containers
Features
Standard dry containers are the most widely used type in shipping. They are typically made from durable steel and are designed to transport general cargo that does not require temperature control.
Specific Uses
These containers are ideal for transporting a variety of goods including:
- Electronics
- Clothing
- Household items
- Machinery parts
Dimensions
These containers are the most commonly used in global shipping and are suitable for general cargo.
| Size | Length (ft) | Width (ft) | Height (ft) |
| 20-foot | 20 | 8 | 8.5 |
| 40-foot | 40 | 8 | 8.5 |
High Cube Containers
Features
With extra height, these containers provide more storage for lightweight, voluminous cargo.
Specific Uses
These containers are ideal for transporting a variety of goods including:
- Furniture: Shipping assembled products.
- Retail: Large-scale goods.
Dimensions
| Size | Length (ft) | Width (ft) | Height (ft) |
| 40-foot High Cube | 40 | 8 | 9.5 |
See also: How to Choose the Right Shipping Container for your Cargo
Refrigerated (Reefer) Containers
Features
Reefer containers are equipped with temperature control systems to maintain a specific climate for sensitive cargo.
Specific Uses
These containers are essential for transporting:
- Perishable food items (fruits, vegetables)
- Pharmaceuticals
- Chemicals requiring temperature regulation
Dimensions
Reefers generally come in similar sizes to standard containers but have specialized insulation and cooling systems designed for perishable goods.
| Feature | Details |
| Temperature Range | -30°C to +30°C |
| Dimensions | 20-ft and 40-ft sizes available |
Flat Rack Containers
Features
Flat rack containers have no sides or roof, making them suitable for heavy and oversized loads.
Specific Uses
Ideal for transporting:
- Heavy equipment
- Large machinery
- Vehicles
Dimensions
Flat racks come in two primary sizes:
| Size | Length (ft) | Width (ft) |
| 20-foot | 20 | 8 |
| 40-foot | 40 | 8 |
Tank Containers
Features
Tank containers are cylindrical and designed specifically for transporting liquids and gases.
Specific Uses
They are commonly used for:
- Chemicals
- Food-grade liquids (e.g., oils)
- Hazardous materials (Hazmat Cargo)
Dimensions
Tank containers typically measure either:
| Size | Length (ft) |
| 20-foot | 20 |
| 40-foot | 40 |
Half Height Containers
Features
Half height containers are shorter than standard containers, making them easier to load and unload heavy materials.
Specific Uses
These containers are often used for bulk materials such as:
- Coal
- Stones
- Scrap metal
Dimensions
Half height containers usually come in a single size:
| Size | Length (ft) | Height (ft) |
| 20-foot | 20 | 4.5 |
Double Door Containers
Features
Double door containers allow access from both ends, facilitating easier loading and unloading.
Specific Uses
They are particularly useful for transporting:
- Cars
- Goods requiring quick access from either end
Insulated Containers
Features
Insulated containers maintain a stable internal temperature without active refrigeration.
Specific Uses
Suitable for transporting:
- Temperature-sensitive products that do not require constant cooling but need protection from extreme temperatures.
Special Purpose Containers
These include various custom-designed containers tailored to specific needs such as:
- Garments on Hangers: For transporting clothing without folding.
- Flexitank Containers: Used to transport non-hazardous liquids in flexible bladders.
Comparison Table: Types of Containers
As mentioned earlier, selecting the appropriate container is crucial for protecting your cargo during transit. To help you make informed decisions for your shipping needs, let’s delve deeper into the various types of containers available:
| Container Type | Description | Common Uses |
| Standard (Dry) 20-ft | Basic container for general cargo. | Electronics, textiles, machinery |
| Standard (Dry) 40-ft | Larger version of standard container, most common size globally | Bulk cargo, manufactured goods, retail products |
| High Cube | Taller container for voluminous cargo | Furniture, lightweight bulky items |
| Refrigerated (Reefer) | Temperature-controlled for perishables. | Fruits, vegetables, pharmaceuticals |
| Open Top | Removable soft top for oversized cargo loading | Tall machinery, timber, scrap metal |
| Flat Rack | Open sides for oversized cargo. | Heavy machinery, vehicles |
| Tank | Cylindrical tank within frame for liquid cargo | Chemicals, oils, beverages, liquid food products |
| Ventilated | Containers with small openings for air circulation | Coffee beans, cocoa, tobacco |
| Insulated | Temperature-regulated without refrigeration unit | Temperature-sensitive but non-perishable goods |
| Platform | Flat base with no sides or top | Extra-long cargo, steel beams, large machinery |
| Half Height | Lower walls for heavy dense cargo | Coal, stones, steel products |
| Garment On Hanger (GOH) | Specialized with built-in hanging rails | Clothing, textiles, fashion industry goods |
Special Features Available:
In addition to the standard configurations, many containers can be equipped with special features to enhance loading efficiency and cargo accessibility. These modifications cater to specific cargo handling requirements and can significantly benefit your shipping operations:
| Feature | Description |
| Side Access | Additional doors on container sides for easier loading/unloading |
| Double Door | Doors at both ends for efficient handling |
| Bulk | Top loading hatches for granular cargo |
| Pallet Wide | Wider design optimized for European pallets |
H2: Container Dimensions and Specifications
Understanding the dimensions and specifications of different container types is essential for proper cargo planning, loading, and cost management. Below is a detailed table outlining the key dimensions and specifications for common container types:
| Container Type | Internal Length (ft) | Internal Width (ft) | Internal Height (ft) | Door Width (ft) | Door Height (ft) | Max Payload (tons) | Volume (cu ft) |
| Standard 20-ft | 19.4 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 28.2 | 1,169 |
| Standard 40-ft | 39.4 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 30.5 | 2,385 |
| High Cube 40-ft | 39.4 | 7.8 | 8.9 | 7.8 | 8.5 | 30.5 | 2,694 |
| Reefer 20-ft | 17.8 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 27.5 | 1,000 |
| Reefer 40-ft | 37.8 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 29.5 | 2,040 |
| Open Top 20-ft | 19.4 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 28.2 | 1,169 |
| Flat Rack 40-ft | 39.4 | 7.4 | – | – | – | 45.0 | – |
Important Note: It’s worth noting that the dimensions provided in this guide are approximate and may vary slightly between container manufacturers. For precise specifications, it is always recommended to verify the exact details with your shipping line or freight forwarder.
Key Considerations for Container Selection:
When choosing a container, it’s important to consider several factors beyond its type and dimensions. These factors include volume optimization, weight limitations, special cargo requirements, and cost implications. By carefully evaluating these aspects, you can ensure efficient and cost-effective shipping. Here is a quick checklist of the most important aspects:
- Volume Optimization
- High Cube containers provide approximately 13% more cubic capacity than standard containers
- Consider cargo stackability to maximize space utilization
- Account for door dimensions during loading planning
- Weight Limitations
- Refrigerated containers have lower payload capacity due to cooling unit weight
- Weight distribution must be considered for proper container balance
- Check port and road weight restrictions in origin and destination
- Special Requirements
- Temperature-controlled cargo requires additional space for air circulation
- Oversized cargo may require open-top or flat rack containers
- Consider internal lashing points and cargo securing requirements
- Cost Implications
- Larger containers often provide better cost efficiency per cubic meter
- Special container types (reefer, flat rack) typically command premium rates
- Weight optimization can significantly impact transportation costs
See also: Our visual guide to the different ocean shipping container types, sizes and dimensions
Partner with Latin American Cargo
Selecting the right container type is a cornerstone of successful logistic operations. Whether you need to transport perishable goods, commercial vehicles, oversized machinery, or lightweight voluminous cargo, understanding container features and applications ensures smooth operations and cost efficiency.
Latin American Cargo specializes in tailored container shipping solutions across North America, Central America, South America and The Caribbean. Our expertise in managing diverse cargo types and navigating trade routes guarantees reliability and peace of mind.
